1.1 power take-off device

國(guó)產(chǎn)混凝土攪拌運(yùn)輸車采用主車發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)取力方式。取力裝置的作用是通過(guò)操縱取力開關(guān)將發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)動(dòng)力取出，經(jīng)液壓系統(tǒng)驅(qū)動(dòng)攪拌筒，攪抖筒在進(jìn)料和運(yùn)輸過(guò)程中正向旋轉(zhuǎn)，以利于進(jìn)料和對(duì)混凝土進(jìn)行攪拌，在出料時(shí)反向旋轉(zhuǎn)，在工作終結(jié)后切斷與發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的動(dòng)力聯(lián)接。

The domestic concrete mixer truck adopts the main truck engine power taking mode. The function of the power take-off device is to take out the power of the engine by operating the power take-off switch, drive the mixing drum through the hydraulic system, and the mixing drum rotates in the forward direction during the feeding and transportation process, so as to facilitate the feeding and mixing of the concrete, rotate in the reverse direction during the discharging, and cut off the power connection with the engine after the end of the work.

1．2液壓系統(tǒng)

1.2 hydraulic system

將經(jīng)取力器取出的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)動(dòng)力，轉(zhuǎn)化為液壓能(排量和壓力)，再經(jīng)馬達(dá)輸出為機(jī)械能(轉(zhuǎn)速和扭矩)，為攪拌筒轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)提供動(dòng)力。

The engine power taken out by the power take-off is converted into hydraulic energy (displacement and pressure), and then output to mechanical energy (speed and torque) by the motor, providing power for the rotation of the mixing drum.

1．3減速機(jī)

1.3 reducer

將液壓系統(tǒng)中馬達(dá)輸出的轉(zhuǎn)速減速后，傳給攪拌筒。

Reduce the speed of the motor output in the hydraulic system, and then transfer it to the mixing drum.

1．4操縱機(jī)構(gòu)

1.4 operating mechanism

a．控制攪拌筒旋轉(zhuǎn)方向，使之在進(jìn)料和運(yùn)輸過(guò)程中正向旋轉(zhuǎn)，出料時(shí)反向旋轉(zhuǎn)。

a. Control the rotation direction of the mixing drum to make it rotate in the forward direction in the process of feeding and transportation, and rotate in the reverse direction in the process of discharging.

b．控制攪拌筒的轉(zhuǎn)速

b. Control the rotating speed of mixing drum

1．5攪拌裝置

1.5 mixing device

它主要由攪拌筒及其輔助支撐部件組成。攪拌筒是混凝土的裝載容器，它是由耐磨薄鋼板制成，為了能夠自動(dòng)裝、卸混凝土，其內(nèi)壁焊有特殊形狀的螺旋葉片。轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)時(shí)混凝土沿葉片的螺旋方向運(yùn)動(dòng)，在不斷的提升和翻動(dòng)過(guò)程中受到混合和攪拌。在進(jìn)料及運(yùn)輸過(guò)程中，攪拌筒正轉(zhuǎn)，混凝土沿葉片向里運(yùn)動(dòng)，出料時(shí)，攪拌筒反轉(zhuǎn)，混凝土沿著葉片向外卸出。攪拌筒的轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)則是靠液壓驅(qū)動(dòng)裝置來(lái)保證。裝載量為3～6立方的混凝土攪拌運(yùn)輸車一般采用由汽車發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)通過(guò)動(dòng)力輸出軸帶動(dòng)液壓泵，再由高壓油推動(dòng)液壓馬達(dá)驅(qū)動(dòng)攪拌筒，裝載量為9～12立方的則由車載輔助柴油機(jī)帶動(dòng)液壓泵驅(qū)動(dòng)液壓馬達(dá)。葉片是攪拌裝置中的主要部件，損壞或嚴(yán)重磨損會(huì)導(dǎo)致混凝土攪拌不均勻。另外，葉片的角度如果設(shè)計(jì)不合理，還會(huì)使混凝土出現(xiàn)離析。

It is mainly composed of mixing drum and its auxiliary supporting parts. The mixing drum is a concrete loading container, which is made of high-quality wear-resistant steel sheet. In order to automatically load and unload concrete, its inner wall is welded with special shape spiral blades. When rotating, the concrete moves along the spiral direction of the blade, and is mixed and stirred in the process of continuous lifting and turning. In the process of feeding and transportation, the mixing drum rotates positively, the concrete moves inward along the blade, and when discharging, the mixing drum reverses, and the concrete is discharged outward along the blade. The rotation of the mixing drum is guaranteed by the hydraulic drive device. The concrete mixer truck with a loading capacity of 3-6 cubic meters generally uses a hydraulic pump driven by an automobile engine through a power output shaft, and then a hydraulic motor driven by a high-pressure oil to drive the mixing drum. The truck mounted auxiliary diesel engine drives the hydraulic pump to drive the hydraulic Marta with a loading capacity of 9-12 cubic meters. The blade is the main part of the mixing device, which will lead to uneven mixing of concrete if it is damaged or severely worn. In addition, if the blade angle is not designed properly, the concrete will be separated.

1．6清洗系統(tǒng)

1.6 cleaning system

清洗系統(tǒng)的主要作用是清洗攪拌筒，有時(shí)也用于運(yùn)輸途中進(jìn)行干料攪拌。清洗系統(tǒng)還對(duì)液壓系統(tǒng)起冷卻作用。

The main function of the cleaning system is to clean the mixing drum, and sometimes it is also used for dry material mixing during transportation. The cleaning system also cools the hydraulic system.

2 混凝土攪拌運(yùn)輸車的維護(hù)和修理

2 maintenance and repair of concrete mixer truck

混凝土攪拌運(yùn)輸車作為運(yùn)輸用汽車，在維護(hù)和修理方面必須遵照交通部1990年13號(hào)令的規(guī)定，執(zhí)行“定期檢測(cè)、強(qiáng)制維護(hù)、視情修理”的維護(hù)和修理制度。在這個(gè)大前提下，再結(jié)合混凝土攪拌運(yùn)輸車的實(shí)際情況，做好維護(hù)和修理。在日常維護(hù)方面，混凝土攪拌運(yùn)輸車除應(yīng)按常規(guī)對(duì)汽車發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)、底盤等部位進(jìn)行維護(hù)外，還必須做好以下維護(hù)工作。

As a transport vehicle, the maintenance and repair system of "regular inspection, compulsory maintenance and repair as the case may be" must be carried out in accordance with the provisions of order No. 13 of the Ministry of communications in 1990. Under this premise, combined with the actual situation of the concrete mixer truck, the maintenance and repair should be done well. In the aspect of daily maintenance, the concrete mixer truck should not only maintain the engine, chassis and other parts of the car according to the routine, but also do the following maintenance work.

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