1. When the diesel engine has a heavy and continuous knocking sound at the lower part of the crankcase, the sound is clear and recognizable at low speed and more obvious at heavy load. The same opportunity oil pressure decreases with the decrease, which is caused by the excessive clearance of the main bearing bush of the crankshaft.

2、當(dāng)發(fā)起機(jī)低速忽然改動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)速時(shí)，在氣缸上部發(fā)出“鐺、鐺”的響聲，這是活塞銷與連桿襯套、或與活塞銷座的配合間隙過(guò)大所致。

2. When the engine suddenly changes the speed at low speed, the sound of "bell, bell" will be sent out at the upper part of the cylinder, which is caused by the excessive fit clearance between the piston pin and the connecting rod bushing or with the piston pin seat.

3、當(dāng)發(fā)起機(jī)高速運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)，發(fā)出“咯噔、咯噔”悶擊聲，忽然減小油門(mén)時(shí)尤為嚴(yán)重，這是因主軸瓦軸向間隙過(guò)大所致

3. When the engine runs at high speed, it makes a "cluck, cluck" dull sound, especially when the accelerator is suddenly reduced, which is caused by the excessive axial clearance of the main shaft pad

4、當(dāng)在氣缸全長(zhǎng)部位聽(tīng)到轟鳴、沉悶的“空咚、空咚”的敲擊聲，且翻開(kāi)加機(jī)油口蓋時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)有氣泡（闡明有漏氣現(xiàn)象），這是活塞與缸套配合間隙過(guò)大所致。

4. When a loud and dull knocking sound of "empty Dong, empty Dong" is heard at the full length of the cylinder, and bubbles are found when opening the oil filler cover (indicating that there is air leakage), which is caused by the excessive matching clearance between the piston and the cylinder liner.

5、若在同一部位略靠曲軸方向聽(tīng)到“嘎、嘎、嘎”的撞擊聲，則是連桿扭曲致使其在工作中搖晃的敲擊聲，后兩種聲響在改動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)速時(shí)更能明顯聽(tīng)到，且較易于區(qū)別；沿氣缸上、下各處均有相似小鐵錘輕擊鐵塊的聲音，柴油機(jī)排氣管冒藍(lán)煙（伴有燒機(jī)油現(xiàn)象），用長(zhǎng)柄螺絲刀抵在缸體處更易于聽(tīng)出，即可判定是活塞環(huán)側(cè)隙過(guò)大或環(huán)折斷所致。

5. If the impact sound of "GA, GA, GA" is heard in the same part slightly close to the crankshaft direction, it is the knocking sound of the connecting rod shaking due to the distortion of the connecting rod. The latter two sounds can be heard more obviously when changing the speed and are easier to distinguish; There is a similar sound of small hammer tapping the iron block all over the upper and lower parts of the cylinder, and the exhaust pipe of the diesel engine emits blue smoke (accompanied by oil burning). It is easier to hear when touching the cylinder block with a long handle screwdriver. It can be determined that it is caused by excessive side clearance of the piston ring or broken ring.

6、當(dāng)柴油機(jī)忽然改動(dòng)負(fù)荷時(shí)，在曲軸箱左近（氣缸體中部下部范圍內(nèi)）可明顯地聽(tīng)到急促的“空、空、空”鈍啞的敲擊聲，并隨負(fù)荷或轉(zhuǎn)速的增加而急劇變化，響聲增大，翻開(kāi)加機(jī)油口蓋可聽(tīng)得更分明，無(wú)負(fù)荷時(shí)則不明顯。這是由于連桿瓦過(guò)度磨損而形成連桿瓦與曲軸連桿軸頸配合間隙過(guò)大所致。

6. When the load of the diesel engine changes suddenly, the blunt and dumb knocking sound of "empty, empty and empty" can be obviously heard near the left of the crankcase (within the range from the middle to the lower part of the cylinder block), and changes sharply with the increase of load or speed. The sound increases. It can be heard more clearly by opening the oil filler cover, but it is not obvious when there is no load. This is due to excessive wear of the connecting rod bush, resulting in excessive fit clearance between the connecting rod bush and the crankshaft connecting rod journal.

7、若使柴油機(jī)某缸斷油，假如此異響立刻消逝，則闡明是該缸的連桿瓦響。

7. If the oil of a cylinder of the diesel engine is cut off, if the abnormal noise disappears immediately, it indicates that it is the connecting rod bush noise of the cylinder.